{"id":69862,"date":"2026-10-28T05:51:48","date_gmt":"2026-10-28T05:51:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=69862"},"modified":"2026-11-05T05:59:04","modified_gmt":"2026-11-05T05:59:04","slug":"%d8%b2%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%a8-%d9%85%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d9%81%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d8%ae%d9%85%d9%8a%d9%85-%d9%84%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/%d8%b2%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%a8-%d9%85%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d9%81%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d8%ae%d9%85%d9%8a%d9%85-%d9%84%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u062a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0646\u0628\u060c \u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0637\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0631 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-id=\"69864\" src=\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-11-04-at-12.04.55-1-1024x576.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-69864\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-11-04-at-12.04.55-1-1024x576.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-11-04-at-12.04.55-1-300x169.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-11-04-at-12.04.55-1-768x432.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-11-04-at-12.04.55-1-1536x864.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-11-04-at-12.04.55-1.jpeg 1599w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-id=\"69863\" src=\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-11-04-at-12.04.55-2-1024x576.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-69863\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-11-04-at-12.04.55-2-1024x576.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-11-04-at-12.04.55-2-300x169.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-11-04-at-12.04.55-2-768x432.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-11-04-at-12.04.55-2-1536x864.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-11-04-at-12.04.55-2.jpeg 1599w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-id=\"69865\" src=\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-11-04-at-12.04.55-1024x576.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-69865\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-11-04-at-12.04.55-1024x576.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-11-04-at-12.04.55-300x169.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-11-04-at-12.04.55-768x432.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-11-04-at-12.04.55-1536x864.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-11-04-at-12.04.55.jpeg 1599w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u062a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0646\u0628\u060c \u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0637\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":69863,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"zakra_page_container_layout":"customizer","zakra_page_sidebar_layout":"customizer","zakra_remove_content_margin":false,"zakra_sidebar":"customizer","zakra_transparent_header":"customizer","zakra_logo":0,"zakra_main_header_style":"default","zakra_menu_item_color":"","zakra_menu_item_hover_color":"","zakra_menu_item_active_color":"","zakra_menu_active_style":"","zakra_page_header":true,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-69862","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-28","category-9"],"rttpg_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-11-04-at-12.04.55-2.jpeg",1599,899,false],"landscape":["https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-11-04-at-12.04.55-2.jpeg",1599,899,false],"portraits":["https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-11-04-at-12.04.55-2.jpeg",1599,899,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-11-04-at-12.04.55-2-150x150.jpeg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-11-04-at-12.04.55-2-300x169.jpeg",300,169,true],"large":["https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-11-04-at-12.04.55-2-1024x576.jpeg",812,457,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-11-04-at-12.04.55-2-1536x864.jpeg",1536,864,true],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/WhatsApp-Image-2026-11-04-at-12.04.55-2.jpeg",1599,899,false]},"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"Ahmed Hamdy Elaref","author_link":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/author\/ahmed\/"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"<a href=\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/category\/%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%ab-%d9%88%d9%81%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa\/\" rel=\"category tag\">\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/category\/%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9\/\" rel=\"category tag\">\u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u062a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0646\u0628\u060c \u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0637\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69862","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=69862"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69862\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":69866,"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69862\/revisions\/69866"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/69863"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=69862"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=69862"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=69862"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}