{"id":68912,"date":"2026-09-29T06:56:19","date_gmt":"2026-09-29T06:56:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=68912"},"modified":"2026-09-30T06:58:16","modified_gmt":"2026-09-30T06:58:16","slug":"%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%b4%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84-%d8%a8%d8%b9%d9%86%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a5%d9%81%d9%87%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d9%83-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%83%d8%b1-%d9%81%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%b4%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84-%d8%a8%d8%b9%d9%86%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a5%d9%81%d9%87%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d9%83-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%83%d8%b1-%d9%81%d9%8a\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 (\u0625\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0643……\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0645\u0643)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644  \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0639\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 28\/9\/2026\u0645 \u060c\u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\/ \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\/ \u062d\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0646\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\/ \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\/ \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0634\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u064a \u0646\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629 \u062f. \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u060c\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629  \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644…..\u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c \u0627\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644  \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0639\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 28\/9\/2026\u0645 \u060c\u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\/ \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\/ \u062d\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0646\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\/ \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":68917,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"zakra_page_container_layout":"customizer","zakra_page_sidebar_layout":"customizer","zakra_remove_content_margin":false,"zakra_sidebar":"customizer","zakra_transparent_header":"customizer","zakra_logo":0,"zakra_main_header_style":"default","zakra_menu_item_color":"","zakra_menu_item_hover_color":"","zakra_menu_item_active_color":"","zakra_menu_active_style":"","zakra_page_header":true,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,9,2,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-68912","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-28","category-9","category-2","category-8"],"rttpg_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0.jpeg",1024,1536,false],"landscape":["https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0.jpeg",1024,1536,false],"portraits":["https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0.jpeg",1024,1536,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0-150x150.jpeg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0-200x300.jpeg",200,300,true],"large":["https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0-683x1024.jpeg",683,1024,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0.jpeg",1024,1536,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/0.jpeg",1024,1536,false]},"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"Ahmed Hamdy Elaref","author_link":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/author\/ahmed\/"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/a> \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/a> \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/a> \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644  \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0639\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 28\/9\/2026\u0645 \u060c\u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\/ \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\/ \u062d\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0646\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\/ \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68912","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=68912"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68912\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":68922,"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68912\/revisions\/68922"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/68917"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=68912"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=68912"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=68912"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}