{"id":40959,"date":"2024-05-01T10:11:15","date_gmt":"2024-05-01T10:11:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/\/?page_id=40959"},"modified":"2026-04-02T08:41:52","modified_gmt":"2026-04-02T08:41:52","slug":"%d8%a5%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%ac%d9%8a%d9%86","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/%d8%a5%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%ac%d9%8a%d9%86\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"40959\" class=\"elementor elementor-40959\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3575eef e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3575eef\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d4d405 elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6d4d405\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\t\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0646\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f14e030 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f14e030\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c0b52e5 e-n-tabs-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-tabs\" data-id=\"c0b52e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"nested-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs\" data-widget-number=\"202068709\" aria-label=\"Tabs. 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33.9L127.9 256l96.4 96.4c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L201.7 409c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-136-136c-9.5-9.4-9.5-24.6-.1-34z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-2020687092\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-2020687092\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M31.7 239l136-136c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L127.9 256l96.4 96.4c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L201.7 409c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-136-136c-9.5-9.4-9.5-24.6-.1-34z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M31.7 239l136-136c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L127.9 256l96.4 96.4c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L201.7 409c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-136-136c-9.5-9.4-9.5-24.6-.1-34z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-2020687091\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-2020687091\" data-tab-index=\"1\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\" class=\"e-active elementor-element elementor-element-cd2b55f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cd2b55f\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aad3894 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aad3894\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-45e8d24 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"45e8d24\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0646<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-debb1e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"debb1e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 <\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 <\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 <\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u062f<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u062f<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 <\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0638\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u064a\u062f) <\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-2020687092\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-2020687092\" data-tab-index=\"2\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-f2732c7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f2732c7\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab8d9b0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ab8d9b0\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-17080e9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"17080e9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a <\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87bbcff elementor-widget elementor-widget-accordion\" data-id=\"87bbcff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1421\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1421\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0627\/ \u0623\/ \u0635\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0633\u064a<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1421\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1421\"><p>\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0646<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1422\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1422\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0627\/ \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1422\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1422\"><p><strong>\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1423\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1423\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 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