{"id":18299,"date":"2018-03-08T09:42:12","date_gmt":"2018-03-08T09:42:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/facsci\/?page_id=18299"},"modified":"2026-03-31T08:32:03","modified_gmt":"2026-03-31T08:32:03","slug":"%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%b7%d9%8a%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%ac%d9%8a-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d9%88","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%b7%d9%8a%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%ac%d9%8a-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d9%88\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"18299\" class=\"elementor elementor-18299\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-99e8697 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"99e8697\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c7c433 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9c7c433\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56b958a elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"56b958a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\t\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d471c8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"8d471c8\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0544706 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0544706\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee8152a e-n-tabs-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-tabs\" data-id=\"ee8152a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"nested-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs\" data-widget-number=\"250090794\" aria-label=\"Tabs. Open items with Enter or Space, close with Escape and navigate using the Arrow keys.\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-heading\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-2500907941\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab-index=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-2500907941\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M31.7 239l136-136c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L127.9 256l96.4 96.4c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L201.7 409c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-136-136c-9.5-9.4-9.5-24.6-.1-34z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M31.7 239l136-136c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L127.9 256l96.4 96.4c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L201.7 409c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-136-136c-9.5-9.4-9.5-24.6-.1-34z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-2500907942\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-2500907942\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M31.7 239l136-136c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L127.9 256l96.4 96.4c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L201.7 409c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-136-136c-9.5-9.4-9.5-24.6-.1-34z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M31.7 239l136-136c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L127.9 256l96.4 96.4c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L201.7 409c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-136-136c-9.5-9.4-9.5-24.6-.1-34z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644  \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-2500907943\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-2500907943\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M31.7 239l136-136c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L127.9 256l96.4 96.4c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L201.7 409c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-136-136c-9.5-9.4-9.5-24.6-.1-34z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M31.7 239l136-136c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L127.9 256l96.4 96.4c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L201.7 409c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-136-136c-9.5-9.4-9.5-24.6-.1-34z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-2500907944\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-2500907944\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M31.7 239l136-136c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L127.9 256l96.4 96.4c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L201.7 409c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-136-136c-9.5-9.4-9.5-24.6-.1-34z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M31.7 239l136-136c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L127.9 256l96.4 96.4c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L201.7 409c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-136-136c-9.5-9.4-9.5-24.6-.1-34z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-2500907945\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-2500907945\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 5;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M31.7 239l136-136c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L127.9 256l96.4 96.4c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L201.7 409c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-136-136c-9.5-9.4-9.5-24.6-.1-34z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M31.7 239l136-136c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L127.9 256l96.4 96.4c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L201.7 409c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-136-136c-9.5-9.4-9.5-24.6-.1-34z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\u0625\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-2500907946\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-2500907946\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 6;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M31.7 239l136-136c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L127.9 256l96.4 96.4c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L201.7 409c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-136-136c-9.5-9.4-9.5-24.6-.1-34z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M31.7 239l136-136c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L127.9 256l96.4 96.4c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L201.7 409c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-136-136c-9.5-9.4-9.5-24.6-.1-34z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-2500907947\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"7\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-2500907947\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 7;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M31.7 239l136-136c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L127.9 256l96.4 96.4c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L201.7 409c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-136-136c-9.5-9.4-9.5-24.6-.1-34z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M31.7 239l136-136c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l22.6 22.6c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L127.9 256l96.4 96.4c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L201.7 409c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-136-136c-9.5-9.4-9.5-24.6-.1-34z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\u0648\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-2500907941\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-2500907941\" data-tab-index=\"1\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\" class=\"e-active elementor-element elementor-element-9bf2f0e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9bf2f0e\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a35c9da e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a35c9da\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43baccf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"43baccf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc050e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dc050e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645- \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-2500907942\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-2500907942\" data-tab-index=\"2\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-fa1168e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fa1168e\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61dd334 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61dd334\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29b0229 elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"29b0229\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;expanded&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;one&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accordion. Open links with Enter or Space, close with Escape, and navigate with Arrow Keys\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-4370\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" open>\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-4370\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-4370\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb51750 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fb51750\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-4370\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7328b18 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7328b18\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-236dce7 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"236dce7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0623.\u0645.\u062f\/ \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f<\/p><p><span style=\"color: #f97150;\"><a style=\"color: #f97150;\" href=\"https:\/\/staffsites.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/ahmedabudief?p=home\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0649<\/a><\/span><\/p><p>ahmedabudief@science.sohag.edu.eg<\/p><p>ahmed_benzoic@yahoo.com<\/p><div><strong>\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0646<\/strong><\/div><div>01153098804<\/div><div>01064162700<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-4371\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-4371\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-4371\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe7a4a5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fe7a4a5\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-4371\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8de91d8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8de91d8\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31c0a61 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"31c0a61\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0634\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-2500907943\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-2500907943\" data-tab-index=\"3\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-2c3fa4f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c3fa4f\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53ecbb3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"53ecbb3\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cee0716 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cee0716\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7054340 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7054340\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69b0cf7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"69b0cf7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-content\"><p>\u062a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-2500907944\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-2500907944\" data-tab-index=\"4\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-cdd71fe e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cdd71fe\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d90834 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9d90834\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a7ed3fe elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a7ed3fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c0462f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2c0462f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-content\"><ul><li><p>\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/div><p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-2500907945\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-2500907945\" data-tab-index=\"5\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 5;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-88a8c4a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"88a8c4a\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e0bcd88 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e0bcd88\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31afd2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31afd2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0625\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77e6a14 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"77e6a14\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><p>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-2500907946\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-2500907946\" data-tab-index=\"6\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 6;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-632c0c4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"632c0c4\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-853a272 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"853a272\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b68110a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b68110a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0257986 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0257986\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><p>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0648\u0631\u0634 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p><\/li><li><p>\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0647\u0627.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-2500907947\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-2500907947\" data-tab-index=\"7\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 7;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-3ea4351 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3ea4351\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-12f9a45 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"12f9a45\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f9069ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f9069ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0648\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d63bbe e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0d63bbe\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dca5c66 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dca5c66\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ol><li><a href=\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%b4%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%b7%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%ac%d9%8a%d8%a9\/\">\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0634 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%b4%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%b7%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%ac%d9%8a%d8%a9\/\">\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0634 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%b4%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%b7%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%ac%d9%8a%d8%a9\/\">\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 &#8220;2015 \u0625\u0644\u064a 2019&#8221;<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%b4%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%b7%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%ac%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%84%d9%84%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9\/\">\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629&#8221;<\/a><\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645- \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-18299","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f - \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637-\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a-\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629-\u0648\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f - \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645- \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637-\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a-\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629-\u0648\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-03-31T08:32:03+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0631\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"5 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%b7%d9%8a%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%ac%d9%8a-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d9%88\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%b7%d9%8a%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%ac%d9%8a-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d9%88\/\",\"name\":\"\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f - \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2018-03-08T09:42:12+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-03-31T08:32:03+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%b7%d9%8a%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%ac%d9%8a-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d9%88\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%b7%d9%8a%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%ac%d9%8a-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d9%88\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%b7%d9%8a%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%ac%d9%8a-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d9%88\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/\",\"name\":\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"ar\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#organization\",\"name\":\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Group-1-copy.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Group-1-copy.png\",\"width\":276,\"height\":86,\"caption\":\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f - \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637-\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a-\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629-\u0648\/","og_locale":"ar_AR","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f - \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645","og_description":"\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645- \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637-\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a-\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629-\u0648\/","og_site_name":"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645","article_modified_time":"2026-03-31T08:32:03+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0631":"5 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%b7%d9%8a%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%ac%d9%8a-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d9%88\/","url":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%b7%d9%8a%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%ac%d9%8a-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d9%88\/","name":"\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f - \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#website"},"datePublished":"2018-03-08T09:42:12+00:00","dateModified":"2026-03-31T08:32:03+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%b7%d9%8a%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%ac%d9%8a-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d9%88\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"ar","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%b7%d9%8a%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%ac%d9%8a-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d9%88\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%b7%d9%8a%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%ac%d9%8a-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d9%88\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629","item":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#website","url":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/","name":"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"ar"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#organization","name":"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645","url":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ar","@id":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Group-1-copy.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Group-1-copy.png","width":276,"height":86,"caption":"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"rttpg_featured_image_url":null,"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"admin","author_link":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/author\/admin\/"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":" <a href=\"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/\" rel=\"tag\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645- \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a [&hellip;]","post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18299","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18299"}],"version-history":[{"count":130,"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18299\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":65314,"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18299\/revisions\/65314"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sci.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18299"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}